Bir kronik hastalık hikayesi: Diyabetes mellitus tanısı olan yetişkin bireylerin hastalık deneyimleri ve yönetimlerini etkileyen sosyo-kültürel faktörlerin incelenmesi: Tokat örneği / A story of chronıc illness: An examination of socio-cultural factors affecting the disease experience and management of adults with diabetes mellitus: Tokat case
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Tarih
2024
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Maltepe Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu tezin temel amacı, kendine özgü nitelikleriyle, ömür boyu ve günün her saati var olan Diyabetes Mellitus hastalığının, hastalığı yaşayan bireyler tarafından nasıl deneyimlendiği ve nasıl yönetildiğini ve bunları etkileyen unsurları sosyolojik olarak değerlendirmektir. Sağlık ve Hastalık Sosyolojisi kapsamında yapılan çalışma, nicel ve nitel tasarımın bir arada kullanıldığı karma teknikle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Amaç, önce nicel verilerle katılımcılara ait genel bir profil oluşturmak ve arkasından ortaya çıkan bulguların sosyal bağlamlarını, bireylerle yüz yüze derinlemesine görüşme yaparak ortaya çıkarmaktır. Araştırmanın evrenini Tokat il merkezi ve merkeze bağlı 113 köyde yaşayan ve diyabet tanısı olan, 18 yaş üstü bireyler oluşturmuştur. Ancak çalışmanın nicel aşaması Covid-19 pandemi dönemine rast geldiği için, Tokat il merkezinde bulunan iki kamu hastanesinin dahili ve cerrahi kliniklerine kabul edilen hastalarla tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte yapılmıştır. Veriler, araştırmacı tarafından oluşturulan anket formu kullanılarak toplam 205 hasta ile yüz yüze görüşülerek toplanmış, SPSS 27.0 Program yardımı ile değerlendirilmiştir. Anket uygulanan bireylerin sadece ikisi tip 1 diyabet olduğu için çalışma, tip 2 diyabetik bireyler üzerinden sürdürülmüştür. Çalışmanın nitel verileri, anket uygulanan 205 diyabetik birey arasından,13 kadın, 13 erkek toplam 26 katılımcı ile yüz yüze görüşerek elde edilmiş ve veri analizi araştırmacı tarafından içerik analizi yapılarak tema ve alt temalar/alt kategoriler şeklinde değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın nicel bulgularına göre, hastalık deneyimi açısından; bireylerin yaklaşık yarısı, genel sağlıklarını “orta” düzeyde tanımlamış, dörtte biri ruhsal sorun yaşamış, yaklaşık üçte ikisi fiziksel yetersizlik yaşamıştır. Nitel bulgularına göre ise, katılımcılar hastalığa daha çok olumsuz/yıkıcı anlam yüklemişlerdir. Bireyler fiziksel değişikliklerle birlikte, biyografi, kimlik ve benlikle ilişkili değişimler, damgalanma, sosyal izolasyon, başkasına yük olma gibi birçok psikososyal sorun yaşamaktadırlar. Nicel bulgulara göre, hastalık yönetimi açısından, en iyi uyum düzenli ilaç kullanmak iken en düşük olan sırasıyla egzersiz, diyet ve takip yapmadır. Nitel bulgular da bunlarla uyumlu seyretmiştir. Ayrıca, sonuçlar üzerinde kişisel faktörlerden çok sosyokültürel faktörler etkilidir.
The main purpose of this thesis is to sociologically evaluate how Diabetes Mellitus, which exists lifelong and around the clock with its unique characteristics, is experienced and managed by individuals with the disease and the factors affecting it. The study, which was conducted within the scope of Sociology of Health and Illness, was carried out with a mixed method using a combination of quantitative and qualitative design. The aim was to first create a general profile of the participants with quantitative data and then to reveal the social contexts of the findings by conducting face-to-face in-depth interviews with individuals. The population of the study consisted of individuals over the age of 18 living in Tokat city centre and 113 villages connected to the centre and diagnosed with diabetes. However, since the quantitative phase of the study coincided with the Covid-19 pandemic period, it was conducted in a descriptive and cross-sectional type with patients admitted to the internal and surgical clinics of two public hospitals in Tokat city centre. The data were collected by face-to-face interviews with a total of 205 patients using a questionnaire form created by the researcher and evaluated with the help of SPSS 27.0 Programme. Since only two of the surveyed individuals had type 1 diabetes, the study was conducted on type 2 diabetic individuals. The qualitative data of the study were obtained by face-to-face interviews with a total of 26 participants, 13 female and 13 male, among 205 diabetic individuals who were surveyed, and the data analysis was evaluated by the researcher in the form of themes and sub-themes/subcategories by content analysis. According to the quantitative findings of the study, in terms of illness experience, about half of the individuals defined their general health at ‘moderate’ level, one fourth experienced mental problems, and about two thirds experienced physical inadequacy. According to the qualitative findings, the participants attributed more negative/destructive meaning to the illness. Along with physical changes, individuals experience many psychosocial problems such as biography, identity and self-related changes, stigmatisation, social isolation, and being a burden to others. According to the quantitative findings, in terms of disease management, the best compliance was regular medication use, while the lowest was exercise, diet and follow-up, respectively. Qualitative findings were also consistent with these findings. In addition, sociocultural factors are more influential on outcomes than personal factors.
The main purpose of this thesis is to sociologically evaluate how Diabetes Mellitus, which exists lifelong and around the clock with its unique characteristics, is experienced and managed by individuals with the disease and the factors affecting it. The study, which was conducted within the scope of Sociology of Health and Illness, was carried out with a mixed method using a combination of quantitative and qualitative design. The aim was to first create a general profile of the participants with quantitative data and then to reveal the social contexts of the findings by conducting face-to-face in-depth interviews with individuals. The population of the study consisted of individuals over the age of 18 living in Tokat city centre and 113 villages connected to the centre and diagnosed with diabetes. However, since the quantitative phase of the study coincided with the Covid-19 pandemic period, it was conducted in a descriptive and cross-sectional type with patients admitted to the internal and surgical clinics of two public hospitals in Tokat city centre. The data were collected by face-to-face interviews with a total of 205 patients using a questionnaire form created by the researcher and evaluated with the help of SPSS 27.0 Programme. Since only two of the surveyed individuals had type 1 diabetes, the study was conducted on type 2 diabetic individuals. The qualitative data of the study were obtained by face-to-face interviews with a total of 26 participants, 13 female and 13 male, among 205 diabetic individuals who were surveyed, and the data analysis was evaluated by the researcher in the form of themes and sub-themes/subcategories by content analysis. According to the quantitative findings of the study, in terms of illness experience, about half of the individuals defined their general health at ‘moderate’ level, one fourth experienced mental problems, and about two thirds experienced physical inadequacy. According to the qualitative findings, the participants attributed more negative/destructive meaning to the illness. Along with physical changes, individuals experience many psychosocial problems such as biography, identity and self-related changes, stigmatisation, social isolation, and being a burden to others. According to the quantitative findings, in terms of disease management, the best compliance was regular medication use, while the lowest was exercise, diet and follow-up, respectively. Qualitative findings were also consistent with these findings. In addition, sociocultural factors are more influential on outcomes than personal factors.
Açıklama
Tam Metin / Full Text
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kronik hastalık sosyolojisi, Sağlık ve hastalık sosyolojisi, Diyabetes mellitus, Kronik hastalık deneyimi, Hastalık yönetimi, Sosyokültürel faktörler, Sociology of chronic disease, Sociology of health and disease, Diabetes mellitus, Chronic disease experience, Disease management, Sociocultural factors
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Künye
Safa, S. L. (2024). Bir kronik hastalık hikayesi: diyabetes mellitus tanısı olan yetişkin bireylerin hastalık deneyimleri ve yönetimlerini etkileyen sosyo-kültürel faktörlerin incelenmesi: tokat örneği / A story of chronıc illness: An examination of socio-cultural factors affecting the disease experience and management of adults with diabetes mellitus: Tokat case. (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Maltepe Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
