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    The Effect of the iNOS Inhibitor S-Methylisothiourea and Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment on Radiation Colitis in Rats
    (UNIV CATHOLIQUE LOUVAIN-UCL, 2016) Demirci, Hakan; Polat, Zulfikar; Uygun, Ahmet; Kadayifci, Abdurrahman; Sager, Omer; Ozturk, Kadir; Kantarcioglu, Murat; Sahiner, Fatih; Caliskan, Bahadir; Karslioglu, Yildirim; Ozler, Mehmet; Ozel, Melih; Ergun, Hakki; Ozturk, Ozlem; Beyzadeoglu, Murat; Bagci, Sait
    Introduction : External radiotherapy is one of the main treatment modalities for a variety of malignancies. However, the lower gastrointestinal tract is sensitive to the ionizing radiation. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HOT) has been suggested as a viable treatment for refractory radiation colitis, but the effect of S-Methylisothiourea (SMT) in the radiation colitis have not reported. Aim : To investigate the effect of SMT, HOT and the combination of both in an acute radiation-induced enterocolitis model. Methods : Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into five equal groups. A single dose of gamma irradiation (25 Gy) was administered through the colorectal region to anesthetized rats. In the control group, we applied 2 ml of saline solution intraperitoneally for five days. In the HOT group, 100-per-cent oxygen at 2.5 atm pressure was applied for five days. In the SMT group, 10 mg/kg/day of SMT was applied intraperitoneally for five days. In the HOT+SMT group, HOT and SMT were both applied in the same dosages as in the preceding two groups. At the end of five days, the rats were sacrificed and colon samples were collected for histological grading. Blood samples were collected to test for : tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-1 beta, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mRNA. Results : The TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-10 and TGF-beta levels were reduced by SMT, HOT and HOT+SMT applications (p < 0.05). However ICAM-1 mRNA levels were not significantly lower (p:0.19). The microscopic scores differed significantly between the SMT, HOT and HOT+ SMT groups and the control group. There was significant improvement histologically, especially in the HOT+ SMT group. When we compared the weight of the rats before and after the study, weight loss was significantly lower in the SMT, HOT and HOT+ SMT groups compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions : HOT and SMT together were significantly more effective in preventing weight loss and in reducing inflammation and the severity of colitis histology when compared with HOT and SMT separately.
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    Salivary alpha amylase levels in youths with anxiety disorders
    (ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2016) Yorbik, Ozgur; Mutlu, Caner; Ozturk, Ozlem; Altinay, Derya Koc; Tanju, Ilhan Asya; Kurt, Ismail
    It is suggested that salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) may be a marker of sympathoadrenal medullary system activity. Thus, it can be a possible relationship sAA and anxiety disorders. The aim of this study is to investigate sAA in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders and healthy controls. Thirty drug-free youths, aged 8-16 years, who were diagnosed as any anxiety disorders and 36 healthy controls with similar socio-demographic characteristics were included in this study. The sAA was found to be significantly increased in anxiety group compared to control group. However, there was no correlation between sAA and any anxiety scores of the scales. Present study suggested that anxiety disorders in youths may be associated with increased autonomic activity. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.