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    Effects of Hyperandrogenism on Tear Function and Tear Drainage in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
    (SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC, 2011) Coksuer, Hakan; Ozcura, Fatih; Oghan, Fatih; Haliloglu, Berna; Karatas, Serap
    OBJECTIVE: Polycys tic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinopathy characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Hormonal changes can affect ocular surface and tear functions. We evaluated dry eye symptoms, clinical tear film alterations, and tear clearance in patients with PCOS. STUDY DESIGN: Thirty-five women with PCOS and 22 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. An ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire was administered, and after the routine ophthalmologic examination tear film breakup time (TB UT) and Schirmer tests were performed. Tear clearance was assessed via fluorescein dye disappearance test (FDDT). RESULTS: No difference was observed in Schirmer test between the groups, however OSDI scores were significantly higher (p=0.01) and TBUT was significantly lower (p=0.01) in PCOS patients than in the control women. FDDTs were not different between the PCOS and control subjects. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that patients diagnosed with PCOS should be advised to obtain an ophthalmic examination, especially for dry eye. (J Reprod Med 2011;56:65-70)
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    Evaluation of carotid wall thickness and vertebro-basilar system insufficiency in patients with obese polycystic ovary syndrome
    (WILEY, 2011) Coksuer, Hakan; Koplay, Mustafa; Oghan, Fatih; Haliloglu, Berna; Keskin, Nadi
    Aim: To investigate the risk of cardiovascular disease by measuring carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and to evaluate the diameters and blood flow volume of vertebral arteries using Doppler ultrasound and the possible contribution of hyperandrogenemia that exists in these patients. Material and Methods: We prospectively studied 64 Caucasian women aged 18-35 years (31 with polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS] and 33 healthy controls). Patients were classified according to body mass index into obese (BMI > 27 kg/m(2)). All subjects were examined with ultrasound to measure CIMT and blood flow volume and diameters of vertebral arteries. Results: A significant difference between the two groups in CIMT (0.51 +/- 0.08 vs 0.39 +/- 0.02 mm, P < 0.001) and diameters of vertebral arteries (right, 3.03 +/- 0.37 vs 3.44 +/- 0.68 mm and left, 2.94 +/- 0.34 vs 3.33 +/- 0.63 mm, P < 0.05) were found, respectively. Right-left and total flow volumes of the vertebral arteries (VA) were significantly lower in the PCOS group than in the control group (P <= 0.001). Compared to the control group, diameters of right and left VA decreased (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that hyperandrogenemia in obese PCOS patients affects carotid and vertebro-basilar system arteries wall thickness. Pre-atherosclerotic vascular impairment with androgen excess should determine early examination of vertebro-basilar system with ultrasound. All patients with PCOS must be routinely examined using color Doppler ultrasound to measure CIMT carotid and vertebro-basilar arteries, and diameters and blood flow volume of vertebral arteries.