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    Population structure and pattern of geographic differentiation of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Turkey
    (John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2022) Özkan Koca, Ayca; Berkcan, Salih B.; Lacin Alas, Burcu; Kandemir, Irfan
    BACKGROUND The Colorado potato beetle (CPB) is the most harmful pest of potato in potato cultivation regions globally. Although it is an economically important agricultural pest, the population structure and colonization route of this species in Turkey are uncertain. We used microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers to obtain information about the population source, structure and bio-invasion route of CPB populations in Turkey. RESULTS The common single mtDNA haplotype in European CPB populations was obtained in all Turkish CPB populations based on mtDNA data analysis. However, microsatellites revealed a low level of genetic variation in CPB populations. The results of microsatellite analysis [factorial correspondence analysis (FCA), Bayesian analysis of genetic population structure (BAPS), unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrogram, F-statistics and Nei's distances] indicated three groups for invasive CPB: Thrace-Marmara and Aegean; Black Sea, Central Anatolia and Mediterranean; Northeastern Anatolia. Region-specific alleles have been identified in regions, where commercial potato cultivation and insecticide use are intensive. CONCLUSION The detection of a single fixed European haplotype in all Turkish populations has proved that CPB in Turkey originated from Europe as a result of a founder event occurred in European populations. Low genetic variation was due to the short time period since the spread of CPB from America to Europe. The highest number of private alleles were found in the top commercial potato cultivation region-Central Anatolia from where the CPB populations spread to other parts of Turkey.
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    Wing shape analysis on some species of Terellia serratulae (L., 1758) group (Diptera: Tephritidae) based on geometric morphometric analysis
    (Entomological Soc Turkey, Ege Univ, 2021) Yaran, Mehmet; Özkan Koca, Ayca; Kutuk, Murat
    Tephritidae (fruit flies) is one of the most important Diptera families and includes more than 200 pest species. Some species in this family have a high level of similarity and are difficult to distinguish morphologically. In this study, landmark-based geometric morphometric analysis using wing images was performed on three members of the Terellia (sensu stricto) serratulae group in order to distinguish Terellia fuscicornis (Loew, 1844), Terellia nigripalpis Hendel, 1927, and Terellia serratulae (L., 1758). Specimens of the T. fuscicornis, T. nigripalpis and T. serratulae used in the study were collected from three provinces (Izmir, Kahramanmaras and Adiyaman) of Turkey between 2016 and 2018. The geometric morphometric analysis of the wings, using fifteen landmarks, indicated significant differences in the wing shapes of each species, separating them successfully into distinct groups. CVA (canonical variate analysis) results based on the wing shapes strongly support the existence of taxonomically three different species. The reidentification accuracies were high, and wing shape discriminated three species of Terellia with over 87% accuracy. Finally, we concluded that landmark-based geometric morphometric analysis could be a powerful tool to identify Terellia spp.